Certified Medical Assistant Practice Exam

Which of the following is an effective disinfectant used in the medical office to destroy blood-borne pathogens?

1. Bleach

2. Hydrogen peroxide

3. Rubbing alcohol

4. Vinegar

The correct answer is: Bleach

Bleach is recognized as an effective disinfectant for use in medical offices because it contains sodium hypochlorite, which provides strong antimicrobial properties. It is particularly effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including blood-borne pathogens such as HIV and Hepatitis B and C viruses. For disinfection in healthcare settings, a solution of bleach and water (typically a ratio of 1:10 or 1:100 depending on the specific needs) is recommended to ensure effectiveness in eliminating pathogens from surfaces. The other options have varying effectiveness. Hydrogen peroxide does have antiseptic properties and can disinfect surfaces, but its efficacy against certain viruses might not be as robust as bleach. Rubbing alcohol, while useful for disinfecting skin and surfaces, is generally less effective against viruses in the context of blood-borne pathogens compared to bleach. Vinegar is often used as a cleaning agent, but it lacks the broad-spectrum effectiveness required to destroy blood-borne pathogens effectively, making it unsuitable for medical disinfection purposes.